基于内置传感器的大型数控机床状态监测技术.pdf

第 45 卷第 4 期 机 械 工 程 学 报 Vol.45 No.4 2009 年 4 月 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Apr. 2009 DOI ：10.3901/JME.2009.04.125 基于内置传感器的大型数控机床状态监测技术* 1 1, 2 1 1 1 周玉清 梅雪松 姜歌东 孙挪刚 陶 涛 (1. 西安交通大学机械工程学院 西安 710049 ； 2. 西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室 西安 710049) 摘要：提出一种基于光栅尺、编码器、伺服进给电机电流(转矩)等内置传感器的机床状态监测系统，深入研究转矩、位置、 润滑特性等内置传感器测试原理，就开放式和商业数控系统给出不同采集机床状态信息的策略；并进行多种工况下的恒速、 润滑特性测试，试验分析表明电机输出转矩( 电流) 、位置、瞬时速度、瞬时加速度等内置传感器信息被用于机械传动部件故 障诊断和伺服控制特性评估的可行性和有效性，从而为大型数控机床状态在线监测和故障快速溯源，提供技术支撑。 关键词：数控机床 内置传感器 状态监测 故障诊断 中图分类号：TP273 Technology on Large Scale Numerical Control Machine Tool Condition Monitoring Based on Built-in Sensors ZHOU Yuqing1 MEI Xuesong1, 2 JIANG Gedong1 SUN Nuogang1 TAO Tao1 (1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049; 2. State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049) Abstract ：A kind of large scale numerical control (NC) machine tool condition monitoring system based on AC servo motor encoder, linear or rotary scale and motor current (torque) is proposed. To obtain the state information, the test principles of motor torque, machine tool position and lubrication characteristic are profoundly investigated, and some different sampling methods for open NCs and commercial NCs are suggested. Furthermore, some constant speed tests and lubrication characteristic tests are carried out respectively. The analysis shows that it is feasible and reliable to use the motor current, position, instantaneous velocity, instantaneous acceleration for monitoring the mechanical parts