被动语态详细课件-清楚易懂.pptVIP

* * * Passive Voice 被动语态 语态分类 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以give 为例，列表如下： 一般现在时：am / is / are + given 一般过去时：was / were +given 一般将来时：shall / will +be+ given 现在进行时：am / is / are + being + given 现在完成时：have / has + been + given 过去完成时：had + been + given 过去进行时：was / were + being + given 过去将来时：should / would +be+ given 将来完成时：shall / will + have been + given 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + given 注意：被动语态无将来进行时和过去将来进行时 1. 一般现在时： People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. 2. 一般过去时： They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. 3. 一般将来时： They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. 4. 过去将来时： The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 5. 现在进行时： The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio. 6. 过去进行时 This time last year we were planting trees here. Trees were being planted here this time last year. 7. 现在完成时： We have brought down the price. The price has been brought down. 8. 过去完成时： People had considered him to be a great leader. He had been considered to be a great leader. 9. 含有情态动词的被动语态： 含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。 You must hand in your compositions after class. Your compositions must be handed in after class. He can write a great many letters with the computer. A great many letters can be written with the computer by him. 被动语态需注意的问题: 1) 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有： 不及物动词+ 介词，如: agree to, ask for, laugh at