高中英语被动语态讲解与练习16856.docVIP

高中英语被动语态讲解 在语法学中，语态是针对动词而言的一种形式，描述句子中动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系。语态分为主动Active Voice和被动Passive Voice两种。当主语是动作的发起者（或之一）时，称为主动语态；如果主语为动作的承受者时，称为被动语态。例如：“猫吃老鼠。”这句话是主动语态；而“老鼠被猫吃。”则是被动语态。 什么时候使用被动语态，一般有下列这些情况。 一、只知结果，不知动作由谁发出。 例如：Do you know Mr. Liao’s keyboard of computer was stolen last night? 你知不知道廖老师的电脑键盘昨晚被偷了？ Mum was angry because her favourite Chinese vase was found broken.妈妈很生气，因为她发现最喜欢的瓷花瓶被打破了。 二、动作的施行者是谁没有必要告知，大家都能明白。 例如：It is impossible that no one cares about who can be sent to study abroad.没人在乎谁能被外送出国留学是不可能的。 Every migrant worker should be paid completely on time.每个民工都必须按时拿到全额报酬。 三、句子要强调的是动作的承受者，不强调动作的施行者。 例如：Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。 26 passengers were broadcasted that they had been killed in that accident.New detective novel is being written and edited by the experienced detective himself.新的侦探小说正由那名资深侦探本人撰写。 一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化　　被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：　　1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时　　例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2） has /have been done 现在完成时　　例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and were ready to start.　　3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时　　例A new cinema is being built here．　　4） was/were done 一般过去时　　例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.　　5） had been done 过去完成时　　例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.　　6） was/were being done 过去进行时　　例A meeting was being held when I was there.　　7） shall/will be done/ be going to be done/ be about to be done/ be to be to done一般将来时　　例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.　　8） should/would be done going to be done/ was\were about to be done/was\were to be to done一般将来时　　例The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived.　　9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）　　例The project will have been completed before July.　　10） should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）　　例He told me that his new clothes would have