第九章 施工管理给学生.docVIP

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第九章 施工管理给学生.doc

第九章 施工管理( Construction Management) 施工工程的管理是承包商履行合同过程中最为重要的一部分,也是企业能否盈利的重要因素之一。科学、智慧、精细的施工组织与施工管理是展现施工企业的实力与风采最具说服力的证据,是企业能在激烈的竞争环境中求得一席之地的可靠保证。为了使施工组织与施工管理达到科学、智慧和精细的目标,实施合同的项目部应注意以下几点: (1)应掌握现代化的管理理论和现代化的管理手段; (2)对合同文件、图纸、规范,以及当地相关的办事部门和办事程序等都应十熟悉,达到了如指掌的程度; (3)应了解当地的法律法规,如税法、合同法、劳工法、环保法、进出口条例等; (4)要有一支技术过硬且具有团队精神的技术和管理队伍; (5)各职能部门应有全局观念,上下协调一致,贯彻指令应通畅,做到令行禁止; (6)应及时归档、妥善保存合同相关的文件及各类工程文件、资料、信函等,做到既安全,又便于查阅。 施工管理涉及的面很广,本章仅就施工项目的组织结构、工期管理、质量管理及健康、安全与环境管理等几个问题作些介绍,仅供参考。 第一节 施工组织结构(Construction Organization) 一、承包商的代表/项目经理(Contractors Representative/Project Manager) FIDIC合同条件中所说的承包商代表,实际上就是项目第一负责人,即项目经理。由于承包商代表(项目经理)是合同义务的具体执行者,同时又是项目的直接领导人,责任重大,因此FIDIC《施工合同条件》对于担任这一职务的人,在其权利、职责、权力委托以及其资格、能力和交际语言等方面都提出了很高的要求。请参阅1999年第1版FIDIC《施工合同条件》的相关条款: 4.3承包商的代表( Contractors Representative) The Contractor shall appoint the Contractors Representative and shall give him all authority necessary to act on the Contractors behalf under the Contract. Unless the Contractors Representative is named in the Contract, the Contractor shall, prior to the Commencement Date, submit to the Engineer for consent the name and particulars of the person the Contractor proposes to appoint as Contractor’s Representative. If consent is withheld or subsequently revoked, or if the appointed person fails to act as contractors Representative, the Contractor shall similarly submit the name and particulars of another suitable person for such appointment. The Contractor shall not, without the prior consent of the Engineer, revoke the appointment of the Contractors Representative or appoint a replacement. The whole time of the Contractors Representative shall be given to directing the Contractor s performance of the Contract. If the Contractors Representative is to be temporarily absent from the Site during the execution of the Works, a suitable replacement person shall be appointed, subject to the Engineer s prior consent, and the Engineer shall be noti

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