第四章2碳水化合物的消化CHOdigestion2013.pptVIP

Large Intestine Carbohydrate Digestion in Ruminant Small Intestine Pancreas Rumen-Reticulum Fermentation Mammalian digestion Starch Salivary Amylase Starch + large dextrins Maltotriose and alpha limit dextrins Maltose Maltase Pancreatic amylase Glucose + Lactose Sucrose Lactase Sucrase Glucose Fructose Galactose FIBER Fiber Undigested starch and dextrins Volatile fatty acids 非反刍动物的碳水化合物消化 乳糖 蔗糖 纤维 淀粉 Large Intestine Carbohydrate Digestion in Ruminant Small Intestine Pancreas Rumen-Reticulum Starch Acetic acid Propionic acid Butyric acid Energy, Synthesis of Fatty acid Energy, Synthesis of Glucose Energy Cellulose Hemicellulose Pectin Lignin Glucose Fermentation Mammalian digestion Fermentation Fermentation What are the primary molecules pigs use for energy when fed a grain based diet VFA Glucose What are the primary molecules cattle, sheep and goats use for energy when fed a high grain diet VFA Glucose What are the primary molecules cattle, sheep and goats use for energy when fed a all forage diet VFA Glucose What are the primary molecules horses use for energy when fed a all forage diet VFA Glucose What are the primary molecules horses use for energy when fed a diet consisting of 50% grain and 50% forage? VFA Glucose Sites of Carbohydrate Digestion碳水化合物消化位置 Mouth Salivary amylase begins digestion of starch 唾液淀粉酶开始淀粉消化 True Stomach HCl ruptures starch granules胃酸破裂淀粉细粒 Sites of Carbohydrate Digestion碳水化合物消化位置 Small Intestine小肠 Amylase淀粉酶 From the pancreas; primary enzyme digesting starch胰腺分泌淀粉酶，是基本的淀粉消化酶。 Maltase麦芽糖酶 (brush border enzyme)刷状缘酶 Sucrase甘蔗糖 (brush border enzyme)刷状缘酶 (not found in ruminants)反刍动物未发现甘蔗糖酶 Lactase乳糖酶 (brush border enzyme)刷状缘酶 Carbohydrate Digestion By Mammalian Enzymes哺乳动物碳水化合物消化酶 Substrate物质 Enzyme酶 Product 产物 Starch 淀粉 Amylase 淀粉酶 Dextrins 糊精 Dextrins 糊精 Amylase 淀粉酶 maltose + maltotriose + ?-limit dextrins 麦芽糖+麦芽三糖+?-有限糊精 Maltose 麦芽糖 Maltase淀粉酶 glucose + glucose 葡萄糖+葡萄糖 Lactose 乳糖 Lactase乳糖酶 glucose + galactose 葡萄糖+半乳糖 Sucrose