[英文]人工湿地技术在发展中国家的应用潜力综述.pdfVIP

Ecological Engineering 16 (2001) 545–560 locateecoleng The potential for constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment and reuse in developing countries: a review Amelia K. Kivaisi Uniersity of Dar es Salaam, Botany Department, Applied Microbiology Unit, P.O. Box 35060, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Received 12 February 1999; received in revised form 4 May 2000; accepted 5 June 2000 Abstract Constructed wetlands are among the recently proven efficient technologies for wastewater treatment. Compared to conventional treatment systems, constructed wetlands are low cost, are easily operated and maintained, and have a strong potential for application in developing countries, particularly by small rural communities. However, these systems have not found widespread use, due to lack of awareness, and local expertise in developing the technology on a local basis. This paper summarizes information on current methods used for wastewater treatment in developing countries, and briefly gives basic information on wetlands. The paper further examines the potential of constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment and reuse in developing countries by looking at the results of current research initiatives towards implementation of the technology in these countries. Future considerations in choosing constructed wetlands as wastewater treating systems in developing countries are highlighted. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Developing countries; Water shortage; Wastewater treatment; Constructed wetlands 1. Introduction