theory of electrical power system.doc

Theory of power electrical system Load curve is used to describe a certain period of time curves of time-varying load patterns. Standard rated voltage of China: 3 levels : 100V, 500V,1000V. 发电机的额定电压规定比网络的额定电压高5%（损耗） Electric power is the most important and convenient energy. It can be easily converted into other forms of energy. Power system is a huge and complex system which is components of many elements. Its Planning, design, construction, operation, management is a big work and this course is the basic theory of it. It introduces Models of power system Components and how to calculate their parameters. We need to know not all parameters but some main elements’ parameters because we need to insure the mathematical model of whole system. Power system analysis and calculation of the general process are: First, to simplify the physical system, make an equivalent circuit, then to determine mathematical model and solving the problems. Line’s parameters: It is composed of four parts: Resistance Inductance Susceptance电纳 Conductance. You just need to remember several formulas to figure them out. （P2）In an equivalent circuit of a transformer, we usually convert resistance and leakage reactance of secondary winding to first winding’s, and add them.(P3) Loss of short-circuit， short-circuit voltage, no-load current，no-load loss can be known from transformers’ instructions. (p4)Resistance of Generator Stator is very small, so we can ignore it. (p5) Load: Constant power load model; Constant impedance load model. The later is more in use of short circuit calculation. (p6) Distributions of voltage and power on power grid. Voltage reduction: Phasor difference Longitudinal [l?nd?itju:dinl] value: cause by sending reactive power. Horizontal value: ?cause by sending active power. Amplitude difference is requirement of sending reactive power. Phase angel difference of voltage is requirement of sending active power. Voltage loss: Numerical difference Voltage deviation: difference