GOLD_英汉对照翻译_2011Dec30.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Reduction of total personal exposure to tobacco smoke, occupational dusts and chemicals, and indoor and outdoor air pollutants are important goals to prevent the onset and progression of COPD. Smoking cessation is the single most effective - and cost effective - intervention to GOLD Website Address ADDITIONAL SLIDES PREPARED BY PROFESSOR PETER J. BARNES, MD NATIONAL HEART AND LUNG INSTITUTE LONDON, ENGLAND * * * * * * * * * * * * * Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) is more efficacious than medical therapy among patients with upper-lobe predominant emphysema and low exercise capacity. 肺减容术对主要以上叶肺气肿为主的低运动耐力的患者疗效优于药物。 LVRS is costly relative to health-care programs not including surgery.价格昂贵 In appropriately selected patients with very severe COPD, lung transplantation has been shown to improve quality of life and functional capacity.对于选择恰当的重症COPD患者，肺移植术能够改善生命质量，提高肺功能。 Global Strategy for Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPDTherapeutic Options: Surgical Treatments Global Strategy for Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD, 2011: Major Chapters Definition and Overview Diagnosis and Assessment Therapeutic Options Manage Stable COPD Manage Exacerbations Manage Comorbidities REVISED 2011 Identification and reduction of exposure to risk factors are important steps in prevention and treatment.识别并减少危险因素的暴露，无论是预防还是治疗，都是一个重要的步骤。 Individualized assessment of symptoms, airflow limitation, and future risk of exacerbations should be incorporated into the management strategy.对于具体患者的症状、气流限制、急性加重的危险因素的评估，是COPD处置的重要组成部分。 All COPD patients benefit from rehabilitation and maintenance of physical activity. 肺康复和体力活动能使所有COPD病人获益。 Pharmacologic therapy is used to reduce symptoms, reduce frequency and severity of exacerbations, and improve health status and exercise tolerance.