henry james美国文学作家.ppt

Henry James （1843-1916） A famous novelist and literary critic Life of Henry James Born in a wealthy family in New York to a philosopher and theologist father Brother William James a famous philosopher, psychologist, and founder of utilitarianism. Father encouraging children to familiarize themselves with all kinds of thoughts and things, to make their own judgment, to cultivate independent thinking (inwardness) Life of Henry James Frequent tour to Europe learning Henry James with the long history and brilliant culture of Europe (known for his international topic, world citizen) Acquaintance with William Dean Howells in the 1860s and publishing short stories and articles on The Atlantic Monthly, North American Review Life of Henry James Acquaintance with Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev, Gustave Flaubert, Guy de Maupassant, Emile Zola, and Adlai Ewing Stevenson Settling in London from 1875 on A English man in 1915 Death in 1916 Periodization of James’s Career The experimental period (1865-1881) Collection of creative materials and international subject Realistic, rich content Vivid characters Daisy Miller (1879) The Portrait of A Lady (1881) The American (1877) Periodization of James’s Career The Second period (1881-1895) More forms of art (novel, story, play) Subject matters other than international cultural conflict (social and political problems but conservative) (The Bostonians, 1886; The Princess Casamassima, 1886) Morality and good conscience of modern man (What Maisie Knew 1897) Art and life (The Tragic Muse, 1890) Periodization of James’s Career The Third Period (1895-1916) International cultural themes but more emphasis on the harmony between cultures and between men Ambiguous attitude toward European and American culture (sophistication hypocrisy arrogance vs. vulgarity simplicity equality kindness) The Wings of he Dove (1902) The Ambassadors (1903) The Golden Bowl (1904) Literary Contribution of James Literary criticism The Art of the Novel Terms: “them