低温煤焦油中特定芳烃组分的选择性分离.pdf

第66 卷 第6 期 化 工 学 报 Vol.66 No.6 2015 年6 月 CIESC Journal June 2015 低温煤焦油中特定芳烃组分的选择性分离 姜广策，张生娟，王永刚，王中奇，林雄超，许德平 （中国矿业大学（北京）化学与环境工程学院，北京 100083 ） 摘要：以研究低温煤焦油中特定芳烃组分的选择性分离为目标，通过预处理分离酚类化合物和富集特定芳烃组分， 采用多元溶剂萃取方法选择性分离芳烃和非芳烃组分，采用Hansen 溶度参数理论进行多元溶剂的设计和萃取条件 的优化。结果表明，溶剂对原料焦油的选择性随Hansen 溶度参数“距离”（Ra ）增加而增大，萃取能力则相反。 研究得到的多元萃取剂是含水量为体积分数 6%的 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液，优化萃取条件是温度 25 ℃、剂/油比 : 6 1。萃余物经多次萃取进一步分离芳烃组分，萃出物经甲酰胺多次萃取以分离出杂环化合物和极性组分。芳烃组 分在最终分离产物中的质量分数为94%，其总萃取收率为95% 。另外非芳烃化合物、杂环化合物和其他极性组分 也在本过程中得到了有效富集。 关键词：低温煤焦油；分离；萃取；溶解性；Hansen 溶度参数 DOI ：10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157 中图分类号：TQ 028.8 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0438—1157 （2015 ）06—2131—08 Selective separation of aromatic hydrocarbons from low temperature coal tar JIANG Guangce, ZHANG Shengjuan, WANG Yonggang, WANG Zhongqi, LIN Xiongchao, XU Deping (School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China) Abstract: This study was to achieve selective separation of specific aromatic hydrocarbons from low temperature coal tar. The feedstock was pretreated to separate phenols and enrich specific aromatic hydrocarbons, and then extracted by multiple solvents to separate selectively aromatic and non-aromatic hydrocarbons. The extraction conditions were optimized by the theory of Hansen solubility parameter. Selectivity of the extraction process was enhanced with the rise of Hansen solubility distance (Ra), while dissolving capacity decreased with the increase of Ra. The multiple solvents suggested in the study were dimethyl formamide (DMF)+6% water (volume fraction),