政府的意图.pptVIP

Introduction to Government History Think for a moment about a band of prehistoric men and women… Why did they live in packs or groups? Objectives for Today What are the five purposes of government? What are the four theories of how government began? Understand the choices that have to be made when establishing a government Know the three main forms of government Purpose of Government Think in your teams and think of 4 reasons why government exists. 1. Protection One characteristic of all government is sovereignty, or the right to be free from outside interference. US-military force of more than 1.5 million troops, as well as nuclear weapons 2. Maintenance of Public Order Almost always, government have taken responsibility for protecting citizens from violence against one another. Governments have passed hundreds of laws and maintain large police forces and court systems to protect the public, ensure an orderly daily existence, and promote a sense of justice 3. Resolution of Social Conflicts Conflicts between groups is unavoidable. Central to many of these disagreements is the idea that some groups are unjustly treated. Left unresolved, these conflicts might lead to rioting or war. Traditionally, government sometimes have suppressed conflicts by use of force 4. Responsibility for a Stable Economy Expected to create and maintain a healthy economy This has meant different things at different points in history In contrast, some modern government actually own the major industries, and others regulate business practices of private citizens and monitor the value of money 5. Public Services Modern governments provide a transportation and communications network for public use, and most take some measures to protect public health and safety More controversial is the extent of government responsibility for individual welfare, such as the needs of the poor, unemployed, aged, and disabled Origins of Government 4 Theories 1. Evolution Theory Seen as the extension of family