ACESoilRespiration土壤呼吸测量技术(英文).ppt

Soil Respiration Stephen Bonnage Director Soil Respiration Q. What is soil? Soil Respiration Soil Respiration Q. How many? Soil Respiration Q. What is soil respiration? Soil Respiration As Raich and Schlesinger (2002) point out, The rate at which CO2 moves from the soil to the atmosphere is controlled by the rate of CO2 production in the soil (the true soil respiration rate), the strength of the CO2 concentration gradient between the soil and the atmosphere, and properties such as soil pore size, air temperature and wind speed that influence the movement of CO2 through and out of the soil. These factors will be important to consider when assessing various attempts to quantify measurement methodologies.  Soil Respiration Raich and Schlesinger (1992) estimated that global soil respiration consists of 50 Pg C/year from detritus and 18 Pg C/year from live roots and mycorrhizae. Soil respiration rates have been reported to be higher in grasslands than in forests, and higher in deciduous forests than in coniferous forests Soil Respiration Raich and Tufekcioglu (2000) reported in a review paper that root contribution to total soil respiration is high in cold, northern climates such as arctic tundra (50-93%) and boreal forests (62-89%). Temperate forests are lower, with 33-50% in broad-leaved forests, 35-62% in pine forests, and 12-40% in grasslands and croplands. Due to the wide range of the reported values, they could not establish a correlation between vegetation type and root contribution to soil respiration. Soil properties such as temperature, moisture, and substrate properties were found to be the most influential factors determining soil respiration. Soil Respiration Soil respiration has been shown to be strongly influenced by temperature (Lloyd and Taylor 1994, Fang and Moncrieff 2001). Respirations increases exponentially with temperature. The temperature dependence of soil is often described by the Q10 value. Generally defined, this factor represents the d