Dynamics of BrightDark Solitons in BoseEinstein Condensates with TimeDependent Scatterin.pdfVIP

CHIN.PHYS.LETT. Vol. 25, No. 1 (2008) 39 Dynamics of Bright/Dark Solitons in Bose–Einstein Condensates with Time-Dependent Scattering Length and External Potential ZHANG Ai-Xia(), XUE Ju-Kui()∗∗ Physics and Electronics Engineering College, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070 (Received 7 May 2007) We present an analytical study on the dynamics of bright and dark solitons in Bose–Einstein condensates with time-varying atomic scattering length in a time-varying external parabolic potential. A set of exact soliton solutions of the one-dimensional Gross–Pitaevskii equation are obtained, including fundamental bright solitons, higher-order bright solitons, and dark solitons. The results show that the soliton’s parameters (amplitude, width, and period) can be changed in a controllable manner by changing the scattering length and external potential. This may be helpful to design experiments. PACS: 03. 75. b, 05. 45. Yv, 34. 50. s Matter–wave solitons are local maxima/minima in perimental tool for investigating the range of validity the field and have been observed in Bose–Einstein con- of the 1D Gross–Pitaevskii (GP) equation. Since the densates. Dark solitons have been obtained with re- quasi-1D GP equation is only applied for low densities, pulsive 87Rb atoms,[1] while bright solitons have been it would indeed be interesting to see how far one can observed with attractive 7Li atoms.[2,3] The bright compress a soliton in a real experiment by increasing soliton train was observed in the experiment of Ref. [2] the absolute value of the scatterin