Dynamics of Fluctuating BoseEinstein Condensates.pdfVIP

Dynamics of Fluctuating Bose-Einstein Condensates M.J. Bijlsma and H.T.C. Stoof Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Utrecht, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands 0 We present a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation that describes also the dissipative dynamics 0 of a trapped partially Bose condensed gas. It takes the form of a complex nonlinear Schr¨odinger 0 equation with noise. We consider an approximation to this Langevin field equation that preserves 2 the correct equilibrium for both the condensed and the noncondensed parts of the gas. We then l use this formalism to describe the reversible formation of a one-dimensional Bose condensate, and u compare with recent experiments. In addition, we determine the frequencies and the damping of J collective modes in this case. 3 ] h c The observation of Bose-Einstein condensation in ul- [7]. This guarantees that both the condensed as well as e m tracold trapped atomic vapors [1–3] has offered the possi- the noncondensed components of the gas will relax to bility to study the equilibrium and nonequilibrium prop- thermal equilibrium. As a result, the order parameter - t erties of these degenerate gases experimentally and to fluctuates around its mean value, and the central quan- a t compare the results with ab initio calculations. The lat- tity describing the dynamics of the condensate is not this s. ter have as an input only the mass and scattering l