初中生物理学学习准备的调查与研究.pdfVIP

初中生物理热学学习准备的调查与研究 中文摘要 奥苏贝尔说过：“如果我不得不把全部教育心理学还原为一条原理的话，那就是 影响学习最重要的因素是学生已经知道了什么。要探明这一点，并应据此进行教学。” 热学内容是构成初中物理课程体系的重要章节之一。基于初中物理紧密联系学生 生活以及与小学 《科学》课程内容衔接的课程设计原则，学生在未学习物理之前，已 具备一定的热学知识准备情况。本研究主旨即在于通过量化而具体的问卷了解学生进 入初中后，进行物理热学知识与实验技能学习前的障碍；了解前概念对学生学习热学 知识与实验技能的影响。 在调查问卷的设计上，遵循新课标“从生活走向物理，从物理走向社会” 的指导思 想，题材均来自于学生生活。从“物理概念”、“物理测量工具”、“物理原理与规律”三 个维度。来调查学生对热学相关概念理解、实验技能掌握、物理思维水平的程度。 本文对调查问卷的数据信息进行了分析，得出结论，并进一步从结论出发，对初 中物理课程中的热学内容提出相关教学建议。 关键词：初中；物理课程；热学内容；学习准备 作 者：顾红洁 指导教师：陈 钢 张惠钰 A Survey on Junior High Students‟ Preparation for Thermology of Physics Chinese Abstract A Survey on Junior High Students’ Preparation for Thermology of Physics Chinese Abstract Ausubel once said, „If I have to reduce the whole educational psychology to a single principle, which means the factor which plays the most important role in affecting learning is what students have known. We ought to find out this and practice our teaching based on this.‟ Thermology is one of the important chapters making up senior high school‟s physics course. On the principle of Junior Physics closely relating to students‟ life as well as connecting Science in primary school, students have already possessed some knowledge about Thermology before they start to learn Physics. This study aims at figuring out students‟ preparation for studying Thermology by means of quantitative and idiographic questionnaires. Based on the design of the questionnaire, this author sticks to „From life to Physics, from Physics to world‟, the guiding ideology of new curriculum standard, and that subject