AVR194_BLDC Motor Control using ATmega32M1.pdfVIP

AVR194: Brushless DC Motor Control using ATmega32M1 8-bit Features Microcontroller ? BLDC Motor Basics ? Hardware Implementation ? Code Example Application Note References [1] ATmega32/64/M1/C1 data sheet [2] AVR138: ATmega32M1 family PSC Cookbook [3] AVR430: MC300 Hardware User Guide [4] AVR470: MC310 Hardware User Guide 1. Introduction This application note describes how to implement a brushless DC motor control in sensor mode using the ATmega32M1 AVR microcontroller. The high performance AVR core fitted with Power Stage Controller module of ATmega32M1 allows to design high speed brushless DC motor applications. In this document, we will give a short description of brushless DC motor theory of operations, we will detail how to control a brushless DC motor in sensor mode and we will also give a short description of the ATAVRMC310 and ATAVRMC300 boards used in this application note. Software implementation is also discussed with software control loop using a PID filter. This application note deals only with BLDC motor control application using Hall effect position sensors to control commutation sequence. 2. Theory of Operation Brushless DC motors are used in a growing number of motor applications as they have many advantages: They have no brushes so they require little or no maintenance. They generate less acoustic and electrical noise than universal brushed DC motors. They can be used in hazardous operation environments with flammable products . 8138A–AVR–04/08 They also have a good weight/size to power ratio. Such motors have little rotor inertia. The coils are attached to the stator. The commutation is controlled by electronics. Commutation times are provided either by position sensors or by coils Back Electromotive Force measurements. In sensor mode, Brushless DC motors usually consist of three main parts: a Stator, a Rotor and Hall Sensors. 2.1 Stator A basic three phases BLDC motor Stator has three coils. In many motors th