表观遗传和蛋白质翻译后修饰在细菌耐药中的作用.pdfVIP

Hereditas (Beijing) 2015 年 8 月, 37(8): 793 ―800 综 述 表观遗传和蛋白质翻译后修饰在细菌耐药中的作用 谢龙祥，于召箫，郭思瑶，李萍，Abualgasim Elgaili Abdalla ，谢建平 西南大学生命科学学院，三峡库区生态环境与生物资源省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地，现代生物医药研究所，重庆 400715 摘要 : 日益严重的细菌耐药性有可能使人类重回前抗生素时代。细菌的耐药机理多样，深入研究细菌的耐药性 形成机理有助于开发控制耐药细菌感染的新措施。表观遗传和蛋白质翻译后修饰在细胞代谢、信号转导、蛋白 质降解、调控DNA 复制、应激反应等方面都具有重要作用。近年来研究表明表观遗传和蛋白质翻译后修饰在 细菌耐药中也扮演着重要的角色。本文总结了DNA 甲基化、调控型RNAs 等表观遗传因素和磷酸化、琥珀酰 基化等蛋白质翻译后修饰因素在细菌耐药性中的调控作用，以期为抗生素靶标选择和抗生素开发设计提供新 思路。 关键词 : 表观遗传；DNA 甲基化；调控型RNAs ；蛋白质翻译后修饰；细菌耐药 The roles of epigenetics and protein post-translational modifications in bacterial antibiotic resistance Longxiang Xie, Zhaoxiao Yu, Siyao Guo, Ping Li, Abualgasim Elgaili Abdalla, Jianping Xie Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco -Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China Abstract: The increasing antibiotic resistance is now threatening to take us back to a pre-antibiotic era. Bacteria have evolved diverse resistance mechanisms, on which in-depth research could help the development of new strate- gies to control antibiotic-resistant infections. Epigenetic alterations and protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) play important roles in multiple cellular processes such as metabolism, signal transduction, protein degrada- tion, DNA replication regulation and stress response. Recent studies demonstrated that epigenetics and PTMs also play vital roles in bacterial antibiotic resistance. In this review, we summarize the regulatory roles of epigenetic fac- tors including DNA methylation and regulatory RNAs as well as PTMs such as phosphorylation and succinylation in bacterial antibiotic resistance, which may provide innovative perspectives on selecting antibacterial targets