2014-2015高中英语 book 4 unit 3 难句解析 新人教版必修4.docVIP

Book 4 Unit 3 难句解析 1. You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. (P18) 本句中使用了句型：find + it + 形容 词 + that从句，在此结构中it为形式宾语，astonishing为宾语补足语，that从句为真正的宾语。在英语中，为了避免句子头重脚轻，在主语或宾语较长时，常用it作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放在句子的后面。在此句型中真正的主语和宾语除了可以用that从句外，还可用动词不定式。 【练习】 完成句子： 1) The headmaster thought __________ (有必要邀请李教授在会上做演讲). 2) I think ___________ (要说服像他那样的人是很难的). 2. Instead he and another man are hiding in a small hut during a snowstorm with nothing to eat. (P18) 句中with nothing to eat为介词 with的复合结构，在句中作伴随状语，其基本构成为：with + 名词 / 代词 + 非谓语动词（动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词）/ 形容词 / 副词 / 介词短语，介词 with的复合结构在句中可作后置定语和状语（原因状语、时间状语、伴随状语等）。 【练习】 单句改错： 1) The transportation here has improved a lot, with two new roads to be built last year. 2) With two children bringing up, he had to look for a part-time job. 3) The young man with flowers on his hands is the girl’s boyfriend. 3. He tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe as if it were the finest steak. (P18) 句中as if 意为“似乎，好像”,其引导的方式状语从句使用了虚拟语气，在本句中表示与现在事实相反的假设，故主句谓语动词用一般过去时，如状语从句中有be动词，则一律用were；如表示与过去事实相反的假设，则主句谓语动词用had + 过去分词。但如果as if引导的从句中所陈述的情况与事实相符时，应用陈述语气。 【练习】 单项填空： 1) It looks as if it ______ going to snow. There are so many dark clouds in the sky. A. is B. was C. were D. has been 2) When it came to education, he acted as if he ______ a teacher for many years. A. has been B. were C. had been D. was 4. The answer to the question contains a word which, when spoken, can have two meanings. (P22) 句中when spoken为省略句，其完整形式为when the word is spoken, 当主句与从句的主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可将从句中的主语与be动词省略。 【练习】 完成句子： 1) __________ (一旦计划被制定), the plan will be carried out at once. 2) ___________ (如果给予相同的机会), women sometimes do better than men. 参考答案 1. 1) it necessary to invite Professor Li to have a speech at the meeting 2) it difficult to persuade a person like him 2. 1) to be built改为built 2) bringing up改为to bring up 3) on改为in 3. 1) B 2) C 4. 1) Once made