聚吡咯复合料制备与导电性能研究.pdfVIP

摘要 聚吡咯、聚苯胺等一系列具有共轭结构的新型聚合物具有良好的电荷传输性 能，经过适当的掺杂后可获得卓越的导电性。但其特殊的链结构导致了加工性能 差，影响了其应用前景，难于实现工业化。 本文回顾了聚吡咯的发展历史，简述了聚吡咯的合成方法及聚合机理。对聚 吡咯的结构及掺杂方法、掺杂机制进行了概述，并介绍了聚吡咯/无机物复合材 料的研究概况，叙述了聚吡咯的应用进展。此外，还详细讨论了各种反应条件对 合成聚吡咯的影响。 采用化学氧化法在水介质中制备了聚吡咯，从反应温度、氧化剂用量、掺杂 剂种类和用量等方面优化了聚合反应条件，得到电导率高达 50 S/cm 的PPy 。采 用 FT-IR ，XRD ，TEM，SEM，TGA 等手段对材料进行分析。此外，还进一步 系统的考察了聚合物和复合材料的导电性能。 采用化学氧化法在水介质中制备了聚吡咯无机复合材料并详细的研究了聚 吡咯/ 凹凸棒，聚吡咯/蛭石，聚吡咯/导电云母，聚吡咯/聚苯胺复合材料的物理和 电化学性质。 (1) 采用化学氧化法制备了聚吡咯，以对甲基苯磺酸钠为掺杂剂，三氯化铁与 吡咯的摩尔比为1:1，冰浴条件下反应8小时，得到导电性最佳的聚合物。 (2) 分别采用凹凸棒，导电云母，蛭石，聚苯胺通过化学氧化法与吡咯聚合， 得到了几种复合材料，考察了不同的添加质量对复合材料的影响，这些导电复合 材料在电子工业具有很好的应用前景。 关键词：聚吡咯，凹凸棒，导电云母，蛭石，聚苯胺 4 Abstract A series of novel polymers with the conjugated structure have better properties in charge transportation such as polypyrrole (PPy)，polyaniline (PANI) and so on. They could get good conductivity after proper doping. But the special chains structure leads to poor processibility, which limit their more widespread application. In this paper, description relating to the history of development ，synthetic methods， and mechanism of polymerization, chemical structure, dropped methods and mechanism of polypyrrole were reviewed. It also be discussed that about PPy-based composites. The research direction on polypyrrole in the near future was also previewed. The effect of reaction conditions on chemical structure of polypyrrole were discussed in detail. PPy were first synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization in water. Conditions of polymerization such as reaction temperature, amount of oxidant, kind and amount of dopants were optimized. The highest conductivity of PPy was 50S/cm. The conductivity of the polymers and PPy-bas