【精品】15 Concrete Mix Design and Quality Control.doc

15 Concrete Mix Design and Quality Control 混凝土配比设计和质量控制 Concrete mix design can be defined as the procedure by which, for any given set of conditions, the proportions of the constituent materials are chosen so as to produce a concrete with all the required properties for the minimum cost. In this context the cost of any concrete includes, in addition to that of the materials themselves, the cost of the mix design, of batching, mixing and placing the concrete and of site supervision. Quality control refers in the first instance to the supervision exercised on site to ensure both that the materials used in the production of the concrete are of the required quality and that the stated mix proportions are adhered to as closely as is possible with the available site facilities. It also refers to the control testing of the quality of the hardened concrete to ensure that it conforms with the design requirements and, where it deviates significantly from this, the taking of the necessary corrective action. Mix design, quality control and the over-all cost of the finished concrete product are all interdependent and this will become increasingly apparent as the factors affecting mix design are discussed. In this chapter the basic requirements for any concrete and the way in which these may be incorporated into concrete mix design are described. The essentials of quality control associated with the production of concrete on site have been considered earlier. Some of the statistical methods of quality control used for the interpretation of control tests on the hardened concrete are described here. 混凝土配比设计即在任何给定的一系列条件下选择组成材料的比例使之在最小成本的基础上获得满足所有要求性能的混凝土的过程。在本章，任何混凝土的成本除材料本身成本外，还包括配比设计、配料、拌和、浇注混凝土及工地管理成本。 首先，质量控制指可能用现场设备时现场监督以确保用于混凝土配比的材料达到要求质量并且规定的配比尽可能接近地遵守。它也指对硬化混凝土进行质量控制检测以确保与设计要求一致，并在严重偏离时采取必要的更正措施。 配比设计、质量控制和最终混凝土产品的成本是互相依赖的，这使得讨论影响配比设计的因素变得日益显著。 本章讲述任何混凝土的基本要求及其纳入混凝土配比的途径。与现场混凝土产品关联的质量控制的要点已被更早地考虑了。这里也叙述了一些用于解释硬化混凝土质量控制检测的统计方法。 15.1 Required