超声波电镀金刚石工具的试验的研究.docVIP

超声波电镀金刚石工具的试验研究 Experimental Investigation of Ultrasonic Electroplated Diamond Tools 学科专业：机械制造及其自动化 研 究 生：王秀芝 指导教师：于爱兵 副教授 天津大学机械学院 二零零六年十二月中文摘要 本文将超声波引入电镀金刚石工具的制造过程，目的在于达到电镀金刚石工 具的快速、优质生产。为了进一步提高电镀金刚石工具性能及其与基体结合强度， 进而使金刚石工具的加工效率和使用寿命达到最佳的状态，本文以镍镀液配方为 基础，进行了应用不同超声波功率的电镀试验研究。研究了超声波对镍镀液性能、 镀层性能的影响规律。分别制备镍镀层表面及截面试样，用显微硬度计观察表面 断面组织并测定硬度；采用热震和锉刀试验方法测量镀层与基体的结合强度；通 过电化学直流极化测试系统测得镀液的阴极极化曲线；在台式钻床上进行加工试 验，计算金刚石工具的磨削比。 超声波作用下的镀层硬度高于无超声时的镀层硬度。但超声波功率不同，镀 层硬度亦不同,超声波功率为200 W时，镀层硬度达到最大值501 Hv。导致超声 波作用下镀层硬度提高的主要影响因素包括：晶粒尺寸细小、加工硬化、压应力 和高的位错密度。超声波功率为200 W时，镀层与基体的结合能力最大。超声条 件得到的镀层耐蚀性能增大且随超声波功率增大而增强。镀层内应力随超声波功 率增加而减小。超声作用减弱阴极极化程度。在制备工具的上砂前超声振动3 min，工具上金刚石磨粒分布均匀致密。在本试验条件下，在加厚阶段后30 min 加入100 W的超声功率，得到的金刚石工具的耐磨性增大。研究结果表明，电镀 中应用超声波可以有效减小镍镀液的阴极极化程度。提高镍镀层的硬度，增强镀 层的耐腐蚀能力，提高镀层与基体的结合强度。在制备工具的加厚过程，应用超 声波可以提高工具的耐磨性，但是超声波功率不宜大，应用的时间不宜过早。采 用试验中确定的工具制备工艺参数可以获得性能优良的电镀金刚石工具。 关键词：电镀 金刚石工具 超声波 镀层 金刚石 加工ABSTRACT Ultrasonic wave was applied to the fabrication processes of electroplated diamond tools to obtain high quality products. The aim of this study is to improve the diamond tool performance, the bonding strength between substrate and plating, the machining efficiency and tool life. The effect of ultrasonic power on nickel electrodeposits was studied in a typical nickel electroplating solution. Influences of ultrasonic wave on solution and nickel plating performance were analysed. Nickel plating surfaces and section specimens were prepared separately. The surfaces and cross section were observed and microscope hardness were measured. Bonding strength between electrodepositing layer and the tool substrate were measured with thermal shock test and file scratch test. Cathode polarization curves were tested with electrochemistry direct current polarization test system. Grinding experiments were conducted on driller to obtain the grinding ratio of diamond tools. The hardness of nickel layer with ultrasonic wave is bigger than that of without ultrasonic wave. The hardness of nickel layer varies with ultrason