灾害风险基本定义的探讨.pdfVIP

19 6 Vo.l 19 No. 6 2010 12 JOURNAL OF NATURAL DISASTERS Dec. 2010 : 1004- 45 4( 2010) 06- 0008- 09 1, 2 2, 3 3 黄崇福 , 刘安林 , 王 野 ( 1. (), 1008 5; 2. /, 1008 5; 3. , 100020) : , , , , ? ? , 18, , , 4 , , : ; ; ; ; : X43 : A A discussion on basic defin ition of disaster risk 1, 2 2, 3 3 HUANG Chongfu , LIU Anlin , WANG Ye ( 1. StateK ey Laboratory of E arth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Norma lU niversity, Beijing 1008 5, China; 2. A cadem y of D isaster Reduction and Em ergency M anagem ent, M inistry ofC ivilA ffairs andM inistry ofE ducation, Beij ing 1008 5, China; 3. China L ife Insurance Company L td. Co. , Beij ing 100020, China) Abs tract: In recent years, the loss caused by various disasters is rising sharply. There is a need for a sh ift in em phasis from postdisaster response to pre- d isaster prevention and anticipation. D isaster risk management is put on the agenda. How ever, what is risk? What is d isaster risk? There is a w ide spectrum of op in ions on them. In th is paper, w e point out the inadequacies in 18 definitions of disaster risk, w hich are more internationally influential. W e elaborate the scenebased definition of risk that w as proposed by the first author of this paper early, and then give the basic defin ition of d isaster risk. A ccord ing to the 4 rulesw hich researchers must follow for defin ing, w e compare the defin ition given in this paperw ith that recommended by United N ationsD evelopment Programm e, to