《Blind Equalization Using Coordinate Mapping for 4-PAM and 16-QAM Signals》.pdfVIP

ChineseJournalofElectronics Vo1．23，No．1，Jan．2014 Blind Equalizati0n Using CoordinateM apping for4-PAM and16-QAM Signals术 RAO W ei (NanchangInstitute Technology，Nanchang330099，China) A bstract—— Itiswellknown thatthe fam ous Constant notbeachievedbyCMA inpractic@ ．Thesecondmethod modulusalgorithm (CMA)presentsalargesteady-state involvestheconcurrentCM A andSoftDD fSDD1scheme．It M ean square error (M SE)fornonconstantmodulussig— worksbyusingasoftswitchingbetweenCMA andDD topro— nals． In this papera coordinate m apping approach for a videthe fasterconvergencerateand the lowersteady—state 4．PAM nonconstantm edulussignalisdescribedwhich can M SE．butwithhighercomplexityt一“1．Thethirdmethod is changethesignaltoanOffsetQPsK (0QPSK)constant toaddaConstellation—matchederrorfCME1functiontothe m edulus signa1． A nd a new algorithm based oilthis aP． preach isproposed which is also suitable for a 16．QAM CMA costfunction to improveequalizerperformancet ． signa1．F0rthe4．PAM and16．QAM nonconstantmodulus Unlikethefirstmethod，thelattertwomethodsmaygetlower signals the proposed algorithm can ashieve a zero steady． steady—stateM SEs．buttheycannotobtainazerosteady—state state M SE in a noiselessenvironm ent but CM A cannot． M SE evenin anoiselessenvironmentl“，16,“J ． Theoreticalanalysis and sim ulations results dem onstrate In recentyears，ther