新计算机专业英语 教学课件 霍宏涛 Chapter2.pptVIP

Professional English in Computer Field Chapter Two Computer Architecture 内容 正文 Computer Motherboard Memory Hierarchy in Cache-based Systems 阅读材料 Multi-core (computing) I2C 1 Computer Motherboard Key Words chassis n.底架 multitude n.许多 peripheral devices 外设 plurality n.多数 firmware n.固件 dedicated adj.专用的 augment v.扩展, 增加 clamp n.夹钳 slot n.插槽 screw n.螺钉 inception n.初期，开端 riser n.竖板 Notes Most personal computers also include a dedicated serial port, a dedicated keyboard port, and one or more expansion slots configured to receive expansion cards for augmenting the PCs functionality. In a typical computer system, a motherboard is integrated with PCI slots to enable customers to plug different PCI cards into the computer for processing output signals. Notes The connection between the daughterboards and the motherboards is generally intended to provide for the transmission of power, ground and electrical signals between the daughterboard and the motherboard. 2 Memory Hierarchy in Cache-based Systems Cache Hierarchy Cache Functionality and Organization Cache Organization and Replacement Policies Key Words bottleneck n.瓶颈 fetch v.取，获得 amortize v.分摊，补偿 consecutively adv.连续地 latency n.延迟 metric n.衡量标准 uniform adj.不变 hierarchy n.分层结构 rule of thumb 单凭经验的方法 Key Words quotient 商(数)，系数 swap space 交换 Translation Lookaside Buffer 转换查找表 modulo 以...为模 thrashing 颠簸 set-associative cache 组关联缓存 fully associative cache 全关联缓存 Notes The instruction cache regularly holds several other things, like branch prediction information. In certain cases, this cache can even perform some limited operation(s). The resultant value of the instruction is also stored in a register. The register contents are then stored back into the data cache. Notes If an application does not make good use of the TLB， increasing the size of the page can be beneficial for performan