Pseudo Phase Plane and Fractional Calculus modeling of western global economic downturn》.pdf

Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simulat 22 (2015) 396–406 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simulat journal homepage: www.else /locate/cnsns Pseudo Phase Plane and Fractional Calculus modeling of western global economic downturn J.A. Tenreiro Machado a,⇑, Maria Eugénia Mata b a Institute of Engineering of Polytechnic of Porto, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Porto, Portugal b Nova SBE, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Economia, Campus de Campolide, Lisbon, Portugal a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: This paper applies Pseudo Phase Plane (PPP) and Fractional Calculus (FC) mathematical Received 30 July 2014 tools for modeling world economies. A challenging global rivalry among the largest inter- Received in revised form 26 August 2014 national economies began in the early 1970s, when the post-war prosperity declined. It Accepted 27 August 2014 went on, up to now. If some worrying threatens may exist actually in terms of possible Available online 6 September 2014 ambitious military aggression, invasion, or hegemony, countries’ PPP relative positions can tell something on the current global peaceful equilibrium. A global political downturn Keywords: of the USA on global hegemony in favor of Asian partners is possible, but can still be not Pseudo Phase Plane accomplished in the next decades. If t