最新高考二轮复习(经典)连词与状语从句.ppt

Go back where you came from. (where引导地点状语从句) 回到你来的地方去。 Go back to the village where you came from. (where引导定语从句，修饰village) 回到你来的那个村子里去。 【考例】A number of high buildings have arisen _____ there was nothing a year ago but ruins.? (山东2012) A. when ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. where C. before ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. until (一)条件状语从句 在表示条件的状语从句中，既可以用陈述语 气做“真实条件句”，也可以用虚拟语气做“非真实条件句”。if表示正面的条件，意为“如果”；unless(＝if...not)表示反面的条件，意为“除非，如果不”。如： If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请求他，他会帮助你。 If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. 要是你早来几分钟就碰到他了。(用虚拟语气表示非真实条件句的情况) I may not come to see you recently unless I can complete the project ahead of time. 除非我能提前完成那个项目，否则我最近不会来看你了。 【注意】unless是比if...not略为正式的表达法， unless从句的谓语只能是肯定式。如： Do not come unless I call you. ＝Do not come if I do not call you. 不要来除非我叫你。 Unless he’s in uniform, he doesn’t look like a policeman. 除非他穿制服，否则他看上去不像个警察。 2. in case, on condition that, providing (that), provided (that), supposing (that), suppose (that) 等词汇意思相近，指“如果，假如，假使， 在……条件下”。如： In case he comes，let me know. 如果他来的话，告诉我一声。 I will go, providing/provided (that) my expenses are paid. 只要我的费用有人付，我就去。 Suppose/Supposing (that) he does not come, what shall we do? 他要是不来，我们该怎么办？ They promised to let us have a meeting in their office on condition that we could keep it clean. 如果我们能保持清洁，他们答应让我们在他们的办公室里开会。 3. as long as(＝so long as)引导语气强烈的条件状语从句时，意为“只要”。如： You may use the book so long as you return it on time. 只要你准时还，你就可以借这本书。 (二)原因状语从句 1. because, since, as, for都是表示原因或理由的连接词。as, because, since是从属连词，引导原因状语从句。for是并列连词。在语气上，because＞since＞as＞for。 2. because引导的从句多置于句末，表示直接的原因或理由，表示产生那种结果的必然的因果关系，在回答why的提问时，必须用because作答；as与since引导的从句多置于句首，as意为“由于，鉴于”，说明一般的因果关系，表示比较明显的原因；since意为“既然”，表示对方已知的无需加以说明的原因或事实；for连接的分句一般放在句末，其前用逗号，它所叙述的理由是对前面叙述的事实或看法的补充说明。 We stayed at home because it rained. 因为下雨我们待在家里。 As he was not feeling well, I decided to go there alone. 由于他身体欠佳，我决定独自去那里。 Since everyone is her