第讲VLAN技术.pptVIP

广西广电网络公司高级网络技术培训 主讲：王世辉 Objectives Upon completing this lesson, you will be able to: Describe the features and operation of a VLAN, VTP, IEEE 802.1Q trunking, and ISL trunking VLAN Overview VLAN Membership Modes 802.1Q Trunking Importance of Native VLANs 802.1Q Frame Per-VLAN Spanning Tree VLAN间路由选择 利用多个路由器接口实现VLAN间路由选择 多个路由器接口实现VLAN间路由 采用子接口的方式对VLAN间的数据进行路由 采用子接口方式对VLAN进行路由 Configuring 802.1Q Trunking Adding a VLAN Modifying a VLAN Name Assigning Switch Ports to a VLAN Verifying the VTP Configuration for the Catalyst 2950 Verifying a Trunk Verifying a VLAN Verifying VLAN Membershipon a Catalyst 2950 Executing Adds, Moves, and Changes for VLANs 交换式LANs排错 Q-in-Q与Mac-in-Mac技术 QinQ技术 QinQ封装 基于端口的QinQ封装 基于端口的封装指进入一个端口的所有流量全部封装一个外层VLAN TAG，封装方式较为呆板。 基于流的QinQ封装 根据报文中的VLAN ID区间分流： 当同一用户的不同业务使用不同的VLAN ID时，可以根据VLAN ID区间进行分流， 根据报文中的VLAN ID＋Priority进行分流 根据目的IP进行QinQ封装 根据ETYPE进行QinQ封装 QinQ技术的特点 　　● 无需信令来维持隧道的建立，通过简单的静态配置即可实现，免去了繁杂的配置，维护工作。 　　● 运营商只需为每个用户分配一个Customer-ID，提升了可以同时支持的用户数目；而用户也具有选择和管理VLAN ID资源的最大自由度（从1-4096中任意选择）。 　　● 在运营商网络的内部，P设备无需支持QinQ功能，即传统的三层交换机完全可以满足需求，极大地保护了运营商的投资。 　　● 户网络具有较高的独立性，在服务提供商升级网络时，用户网络不必更改原有的配置。 Mac-in-Mac技术 802.1ah - Provider Backbone Bridges The scope of this standard is to define an architecture and bridge protocols compatible and interoperable with Provider Bridged Network protocols and equipment allowing interconnection of multiple Provider Bridged Networks, to allow scaling to at least 220 Service VLANs, and to support management including SNMP. This standard will complete the future work identified by P802.1ad, by providing a specific means for interconnecting Provider Bridged Networks. It will enable a Service Provider to scale the number of Service VLANs in a Provider Network by interconnecting the Service Virtual LANs, and provide for interoperability and consistent standards based management. This project is intended to facilitate the scaling of Provider Bridged P802.1ad networks using existing Bridged and Virtual