《农业节水措施对地下水涵养的作用及其敏感性分析 Effect of Agricultural Water-saving Measures on the Quantity of Groundwater Extraction and Recharge and Its Sensitivity》.pdfVIP

201 2年7月 农业机械学报 第43卷第7期 DOI：10．6041／j．issn．1000—1298．2012．07．007 农业节水措施对地下水涵养的作用及其敏感性分析 彭致功 刘 钰 许 迪 王 蕾 中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室，北京100038 【摘要】 以北京市大兴区为研究区，利用经校验的水平衡模型，通过调整灌溉满足率和灌溉水利用系数，探讨 了不同农业节水措施对增加地下水补给量和减少地下水开采量的作用及其敏感性。结果表明，不同水文年型下， 降低灌溉满足率及提高灌溉水利用系数都能减少地下水开采量，且降低灌溉满足率对减少地下净开采量的作用更 为显著，有利于区域地下水涵养。在参数取值范围内，地下水净开采量对灌溉满足率的敏感性较大，而地下水补给 量对灌溉水利用系数的敏感性较高。与提高灌溉水利用系数相比，对资源性缺水区域，采用先进节水技术，适度降 低区域灌溉满足率，对促进水资源持续有效利用及加大地下水涵养具有更显著的效果。 关键词：农业节水措施 灌溉满足率 灌溉水利用系数 地下水开采量 地下水补给量 相对敏感度 中图分类号：$278 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000·1298 2012 07-0036-06 Effectof Measuresonthe of AgriculturalWater-saving Quantity and andIts GroundwaterExtraction RechargeSensitivity LiuYuXuDi Lei PengZhigong Wang Simulationand Water inRiver State of Cycle Basin， KeyLaboratory Regulationof ChinaInstituteWaterResourcesand Research，Bering100038，China of Hydropower t Abstract distictof wasselectedasthe effectof Daxing Beijing studyarea，the agriculturalwater-saving measuresonthe of extractionand wasstudied water quantitygroundwater recharge byrejustingirrigation and water ratesbasedonthecalibratedwaterbalancemodel．Themain rates irrigationsupply supply resultswereasfollows：whenwater ratesdecreasedandwateruse increased， irrigationsupply efficiency extractionwasdecreased indifferent water irrigation groundwater significantly hydrologicalyears．When rates net extractionwasdecreasedmuchmorethanwhen supplydecreased，thegroundwater irrigation wateruse increased．The showedthat water rateismuch efficiency sensitivityanalysis irrigationsupply moresensitivevariabletothe extraction．Ontheother wateruse is efficiency groundwater hand，irrigation more thevalueofindexlevel variationof much sensitivetogroundwaterrecharge．Within selection，the water rateismuchmoresensitiveto extractionand the irrigationsupply groundwater exchange．With increaceof wateruse to extractionand is irrigation efficiency，thesensitivitygroundwater exchange of use decreaseof withtheincrease water regional decreased．Therefore，