《物流英语答案》.docVIP

Chapter 1 Introduction of Logistics Management Reference answers to questions and cases 1. 英译汉 （1）物流是组织及其营销渠道成员战略性地管理采购、部件和产成品存货（以及相关的信息流）的流动和储存，通过低成本地完成订单，实现当前和未来利润最大化的过程。 （2）物流的首要目的是以恰当的数量、恰当的方式将恰当的物料运送到恰当的地方。物流的次要目的是高效地完成这些任务。 （3）组织竞争优势首先来源于，站在消费者的立场上，竞争的角度差异化自己的能力；其次来源于经营以实现较低的成本从而获得更大的利润。 （4）物流计划是以公司战略规划为依据和发展方向的，需要考虑以下环境：法律和政治环境、技术环境、经济和社会环境、总体竞争环境。 （5）物流战略规划被定义为：通过增加价值和客户服务来获得竞争优势的统一的、综合的、一体化的、规划过程、它通过预测未来的物流服务需求和管理整个供应链资源（如何实现）来获得高度的客户满意（我们想要的）。这一规划是一整个公司的目标和计划为基础做出的。 2. 汉译英 （1）While logistics has been recognized as an important business function worthy of study only in the past 40 years, much has been gained during that time. Logistics has grown from a transaction-oriented, tactical function to a process-oriented, strategic function. （2）The challenges and opportunities for logistics professionals to participate actively in setting strategy and to contribute to the success of the organization have never been greater. The rewards for recognizing and accepting these challenges are substantial. (3) While it might be desirable to have high inventory levels in order to improve customer order fulfillment, high inventory levels increase storage costs as well as the risk of obsolescence. Those unfavorable factors must be “traded off” with the favorable aspects of a decision before arriving at a decision on inventory levels. (4) As organizations increasingly buy and sell offshore, the supply chain between the organization and those it does business with becomes longer, more costly, and more complex. Excellent logistics management is needed to fully leverage global opportunities. (5) Logistics may be the best source of competitive advantage for a firm because it is less easily duplicated than other elements of the marketing mix: products, price, and promotion. Consider, for example, forming close, lasting relationship with carriers or logistics service provides can help give the firms distinct competitive advantage in speed to the customer, reliability, availabili