新编计算机英语教程 李心广 柯晓华 姚敏锋 王敏 chapter 081新.pptVIP

Chapter 8 Computer Network Introduction In this chapter, we present an overview of computer network,learn different kinds of networks ,and know the design and organization of these networks . It is essential to understand the concept of computer network, the inpact of protocol hierarchies, distinguish between different types of networks, and hardware of computer networks. Section A. Network Software The subject of computer network covers many different kinds of networks, large and small, well known and less well known. 1. Example networks The Internet The Internet was launched in 1969 when United States funded a project that developed a national computer network called the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET). The Internet is not a network, but a vast collection of different networks that use certain common protocols and provide certain common services. What does it actually mean to be on the Internet? The definition is that a machine is on the Internet if it runs the TCP/IP protocol stack, has an IP address, and can send IP packets to all the other machines on the Internet. What about those personal computers can access the Internet by using a modem or a NIC ? Ethernet the most popular LAN is Ethernet Wireless LANs –The standard :802.11(WiFi ) – Base station – Ad hoc networking 2. Protocol Hierarchies A set of layers and protocols is called a network architecture two important network architectures –the OSI reference model it deals with connecting open systems—that is, systems that are open for communication with other systems. –the TCP/IP reference model It has the ability to connect multiple networks in a seamless way. IP (Internet Protocol). comparison of the OSI reference model and the TCP/IP reference model 3. Types of networks Personal area network (PAN) Local Area Network (LAN) Campus Area Network (CAN) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) Wide Area Network