Mercury汞的基本知识.pptVIP

The exact mechanism of mercury photoreduction is still unknown 1. irradiation intensity and spectrum 2. the quantity and structure of DOM 3. the presence of dissolved ions Solar radiation intensity and wavelength have both been shown to be important variables in the process of mercury photoreduction. UVR(100-400 nm) UV-C(100-280 nm) UV-B(280-320 nm) UV-A(320-400 nm) Visible light (400-800 nm) Solar radiation 5% 95% Photochemical reactions can be either primary or secondary in nature.  Primary photochemical reactions result from the absorption of radiation by the reactant, which may result in dissociation into reactive subunits, direct reactions, ionization, or isomerization.  Secondary photochemical reactions include processes such as the absorption of radiation energy by an intermediate molecule (such as DOC) followed by secondary reactions with a reactant molecule and either the excited intermediate or subsequently produced excited subunits or free radicals (Zhang, 2006). The importance of the UV portion of the spectrum Garcia et al. (2005), working in freshwaters with a wide range of DOM, demonstrated that UVR can account for 61% to 73% of DGM production, while visible light can account for a maximum of 27% of DGM production in lakewater. Amyot et al. (2001) removed of UV-B radiation using a Mylar screen did not significantly change the DGM production rates, which suggests that UV-A radiation is primarily responsible for mercury reactions. In recent years, research has suggested that UV-B radiation is a key portion of the electromagnetic spectrum responsible for mercury reduction in freshwaters. UVB:（4.40- 6.00）×10-5 S-1 UVA: （3.04- 5.26）×10-5 S-1 Radiation attenuation where X is the type of sunlight (UV-A, UV-B, or Vis); Z is a specific depth of water (m); I(X, 0) is the intensity of X type of sunlight above the surface of the water (E m-2 d-1); I(X, Z) is the intensity of X type of sunlight at Z depth (Em-2 d-1) DOC=5.5 mg L-1 Iuva=1793uWcm-2 Iuvb=1793uW