【优质】1000m3d-1海水淡化可行性研究报告(电渗析技术)第一组.docVIP

10000m3/d海水淡化设计方案 ——电渗析 目 录 1.方案选取 ···········································2 1.1 处理对象分析——海水成分分析 ·······························2 1.2 不同处理方法方案对比分析 ····································2 1.2.1反渗析法 ······················································2 1.2.2 离子交换法····················································3 1.2.3蒸馏法 ························································4 1.2.4电渗析法 ······················································5 1.2.5方法对比及方案选取 ········································6 2.工艺设计 ···········································7 2.1 电渗析进水水质要求 ·······························7 2.2 电渗析海水淡化处理过程原理 ·································7 2.3 工艺设计 ·························································8 2.3.1海水预处理····················································9 2.3.2电渗析循环淡化···············································9 3. 电渗析造水成本分析 ···········································12 4. 电渗析swot 分析 ···········································13 参考文献·································································16 10000m3/d海水淡化设计方案 针对10000m3/d海水淡化的处理量，我们小组通过对国内外各种海水淡化处理方法的对比研究，给出海水淡化的处理方法。 方案选取 处理对象分析——海水成分分析 首先对处理对象——海水的主要成分经行分析，通过资料查找，得出海水的主要离子成分，具体含量见表1。 表1 海水的主要离子成分 成分 含量/(mg/L) 成分 含量/(mg/L) Cl- 18980 Br- 65 Na+ 10560 Sr2+ 13 SO42- 2560 SiO2 6 Mg2+ 1272 NO3- 2.5 Ca2+ 400 B 4.6 K+ 380 F- 1.4 HCO3- 142 总含盐量约34400mg/L 从图表中我们可以看出，海水中Cl- 含量最多，占到总含量的55%，其次为Na+为 31%，SO42- 和Mg2+分别为7%和4%，其他离子仅占占3%。因此海水淡化处理主要针对Cl-、Na+ 、SO42-、Mg2+的去除进行方案设计。 不同处理方法方案对比分析 目前，世界上已有120多个国家在运用海水淡化技术获取淡水，全球有海水淡化厂1.3万多座，海水淡化日产量约5560万立方米，相当于0.5%的全球用水量，其中以色列拥有世界最大规模的海水淡化运作设施。而我国目前每天海水淡化总产量3万吨，仅为全球总产水量的1‰左右，关键设备仍依赖进口。 就当前海水淡化处理技术而言，10000m3/d处理量海水淡化可采用以下几种方法： 反渗透法 反渗透以利用用足够的压力使溶液中的溶剂（一般常指水）通过反渗透膜（一种半透膜）而分离出来的原理，对海水经行分离、提纯和浓缩，从而达到海水淡化的处理效果。其具体的工艺流程如下图所示： 反渗透法的具体设备流程如下图所示： 图1 反渗透法设备流程图 海水由设在海边的深水井经深水泵将海水送入淡水厂房，经过化学加药系统投加杀菌剂和混凝剂后进入石英砂和活性炭过滤系统过滤。滤后水经过水质还原、PH调整以及阻垢剂添加后进入5μm的保安过滤系统，过滤后的低压海水一路进入高压泵加压，另一路进入压力交换式能量回收装置，升压后的海水经过增压泵加压后与高压泵出水混合进入反渗透膜堆系统。高压海水的膜堆