《PEC电子工程英语证书考试-电子学基本词汇》.doc

PEC电子工程英语证书考试-电子学基本词汇 A ALGORITHMS - A mathematical equation that produces in a fixed number of steps the answer the answer to a question or the solution to a problem. ALTERNATING CURRENT - AC VOLTAGE - Either voltage or current that varies smoothly from zero to a maximum value in one direction, or polarity, and returns to zero. It then reverses its direction (polarity) and rises to a maximum value in the opposite direction, and then returns to zero to complete the cycle. This cycle is repeated continuously. The number of cycles per second is its frequency, measured in hertz (Hz). See SINE WAVE. ANALOG SIGNAL - An electrical signal that has continuously varying voltages, frequencies, or phases. AMPERE - The unit of measurement of electrical current flow, named after André Ampère, a 19th century French physicist. One ampere is the value of current that will be maintained in a circuit with an electromotive force of one volt and a resistance of one ohm. One ampere = 6.25 x 1018 electrons/second. See CURRENT. AMPLIFICATION - The process of increasing the voltage, current, or power of an electrical or electronic signal. AMPLIFIER - An electronic circuit that draws power from a supply voltage, or voltage source, to produce, at its output, an increased reproduction of the signal existing at its input. The amplifying component could be a transistor, vacuum tube, or an appropriate magnetic device. ANALOG VOLTAGE - A gradually changing voltage. The term is interchangeable with LINEAR VOLTAGE. For example, the voltage sensed by an automobiles speedometer is the analog of the speed of the automobile. ?NGSTROM UNIT - A unit of length that measures wavelength and is equal to 0.1 of a billionth of a meter (1x10-10 meters). It is named after Anders ?ngstr?m, a 19th century Swedish physicist. ARMATURE - The moving part of a magnetic device consisting of one or more coils that are electrically connected to create the rotatable section of a generator. See ARMATURE in Glossary of