ACCIRCUITS-UCFPhysics.docVIP

STUDIO Unit 15 PHY-2054 College Physics II Drs. Bindell Dubey [AC CIRCUITS] 15 – INTRODUCTION TO AC CIRCUITS In this unit we will explore how inductors and capacitors function when the voltage applied to them is sinusoidal in nature. You will learn to understand The nature of reactance of a circuit element such as a capacitor or an inductor. The impedance of a combination or RL and C circuit combinations. The concept of resonance in RLC circuits. NOTE: The last experiment dealt with the DC on/off response of an RL circuit. The same experiment could have been done with a capacitor. This was covered in an earlier chapter in the textbook so be sure to find it and read the material outside of class. We mentioned this briefly during one of the lecture sessions. We next begin a discussion when the driving emf is not an on/off square wave but is sinusoidal in nature. We therefore will find it useful to study the same LR circuit when it is driven by a sine (or cosine) emf. Refer to the slide notes and the textbook for amplifying information. ELEMENTS OF AC CIRCUITS The easiest place to start a look at AC circuits is the resistor. The resistor responds directly to an applied voltage via Ohm’s law. So if the applied voltage is given by then the current will be given by . Plot the graph of V as a function of time. Plot the graph of I as a function of time. Normal AC voltages supplied to the home arrive with a frequency of f=60Hz. For this frequency, what is: ?: _____________ (angular frequency in rad/sec)? T: ______________ (period in seconds)? Phasors For analyzing ac circuit we can use a model. In this model, alternating voltage and the corresponding current can be represented with counterclockwise rotating arrows called phasors. Following is the phasor diagram for AC current. Using the same strategy as described for current, draw the phasor diagram representing AC voltage. Root-Mean-Square (rms) Value of a Sinusoidally Varying Quantity To determ