直齿锥齿轮旋分加工技术基础的研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 锥齿轮是传递相交轴间运动必不可少的零部件，由于直齿锥齿轮的设计和制 造比较容易，在汽车和机床制造业中应用非常广泛。但是国内直齿锥齿轮的加工 仍采用传统的机械式机床，加工方法均为间歇分度，生产效率较低，对新的直齿 锥齿轮加工技术研究较少，大大限制了直齿锥齿轮的发展。本文基于摆线旋分加 工原理，提出了一种可实现连续分度的直齿锥齿轮旋分加工方法。 首先，通过对旋分加工技术和摆线齿锥齿轮加工原理的研究，提出采用空间 曲线逼近直线的数学方法来解释直齿锥齿轮旋分加工原理；在此基础之上，建立 了旋分加工的数学模型，即切削点轨迹曲线，并根据曲线段逼近直线的程度来优 化调整参数；然后按照成形法加工得到直齿锥齿轮的齿面，并通过对刀具的切削 刃刃形修形来减小齿面误差；同时给出旋分加工的机床调整参数和加工参数，并 通过运动转换，利用现有 Free-form 型机床实现直齿锥齿轮的旋分加工。最后通 过具体的计算实例和数值仿真，证明了该直齿锥齿轮旋分加工方法的正确性和可 行性。 本文提出的直齿锥齿轮旋分加工技术摆脱了以往加工方法中产形轮的思想， 使加工计算过程更加直观；该技术实现直齿锥齿轮的连续分度加工，显著提高加 工效率。同时，本文的研究为新型直齿锥齿轮加工机床的设计打下了基础，该旋 分加工技术的实现和应用将改善国内直齿锥齿轮加工现状，推动直齿锥齿轮制造 技术的进步。 关键词： 直齿锥齿轮 旋分加工 切削点轨迹 刃形修形 数值仿真 ABSTRACT Bevel gears are the indispensable part to transmit the movements of intersecting axes. Since it is easier to design and manufacture, the straight bevel gear is widely used in cars and machine tools. But at home, it is still mainly machined by traditional mechanical machine tools with intermittent indexing methods and lower production efficiency. The study on the new machining technology is less, which greatly limits the development of straight bevel gears. Based on the principle of cycloid rotational indexing, a rotational indexing machining method is proposed in this paper to realize the continuous indexing machining of straight bevel gear. Firstly, with the study on machining of rotational indexing and epicycloid bevel gear, the principle of rotational indexing machining of straight bevel gear is explained by the mathematical method of space curve approximating straight line. On this basis, the mathematical model of rotational indexing machining is established and the cutting point trajectory is obtained. The parameters are optimized and adjusted according to approximation straightness of curve segment to generatrix on tooth surface. Then tooth surface of straight bevel g