Human-StructureDynamicInteractioninCivil.docVIP

Human-Structure Dynamic Interaction in Civil Engineering Dynamics: A Literature Review R. Sachse, A. Pavic and P. Reynolds, Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Frederick Mappin Building, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK. Corresponding author: Regina Sachse Dept. of Civil and Structural Engineering University of Sheffield Sir Frederick Mappin Building Mappin Street Sheffield, S1 3JD E-Mail: r.sachse@sheffield.ac.uk Phone: +44 (0) 114 222 5727 Fax: +44 (0) 114 222 5700 ABSTRACT This paper reviews more than 130 pieces of essential literature pertinent to the problem of human- structure dynamic interaction applicable to the design of civil engineering structures. This interaction typically occurs in slender structures occupied and dynamically excited by humans by walking, running, jumping and similar activities. The paper firstly reviews the literature dealing with the effects of structural movement on human-induced dynamic forces. This is the first of two aspects of human- structure dynamic interaction. The literature dealing with this aspect is found to be quite limited, but conclusive in stating that structural movement can affect the human-induced dynamic forces – significantly in some cases. The second aspect considered is how human occupants influence the dynamic properties (mass, stiffness and damping) of the structures they occupy. The body of literature dealing with this issue is found to be considerably larger. The published literature demonstrates beyond any doubt that humans present on structures should not be modelled just as additional mass, which is a common approach in contemporary civil engineering design. Instead, humans present on structures act as dynamic spring-mass-damper systems interacting with the structure they occupy. The level of this interaction is difficult to predict and depends on many factors, including the natural frequency of the empty structure, the postu