chapter-32-STRESS.ppt-Quia.pptVIP

STRESS AND ADAPTATION DEFINITIONS Stress a condition in which the body responds to changes in it’s normal balanced state Stressor Anything that a person perceives as challenging, threatening, or demanding Adaptation The change that takes place as the result of a persons response to stress. BODY’S RESPONSE TO STRESS Fight or Flight Response Psychosomatic Disorders Local Adaptation Syndrome (LAS) Reflex Pain Response Inflammatory Response GENERAL ADAPTATION RESPONSE Alarm Reaction – perceives stressor, defense mechanism activated (fight or flight) Shock phase – body changes occur Countershock – body changes reverse Resistance – body attempts to adapt Exhaustion – adaptive mechanism are exhausted PSYCHOLOGICAL RESPONSES Mild anxiety Moderate anxiety Severe anxiety Panic COPING MECHANISMS Behaviors Crying laughing, sleeping, cursing Physical activity Smoking, drinking Withdrawal eye contact avoidance Limiting relationships Task oriented behavior - taking steps to resolve stress Attack behavior Withdrawal behavior Compromise behavior DEFENSE MECHANISMS Compensation emphasize more desirable trait Denial refuse to acknowledge disturbance Displacement transfers emotional reaction from one object to another Introjection incorporated another persons qualities or values into his own ego structure Projection attribute own thoughts or impulses to another MORE DEFENSE MECHANISMS Rationalization use of logic to justify action Reaction formation conscious actions and attitudes that are opposite of what one really wants Regression return to an earlier way of behaving Repression involuntarily exclude anxiety producing stimulus from awareness Sublimation substitute an acceptable method of behavior for one that is not. Undoing act used to negate a previous act. STRESS MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES Relaxation Meditation Anticipatory Guidance Guided Imagery Biofeedback CRISIS INTERVENTION Identify the problem List alternatives Choose from among alternatives Implement the plan Evalua