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Descentoftremorsourcelocationsbeforethe2014phreatic.PDF
Ogiso et al. Earth, Planets and Space (2015) 67:206
DOI 10.1186/s40623-015-0376-y
FULL PAPER Open Access
Descent of tremor source locations before
the 2014 phreatic eruption of Ontake
volcano, Japan
Masashi Ogiso1*, Hirotoshi Matsubayashi2 and Tetsuya Yamamoto1
Abstract
On 27 September 2014, Ontake volcano, in central Japan, suddenly erupted without precursory activity. We estimated
and tracked the source locations of volcanic tremor associated with the eruption at high temporal resolution, using a
method based on the spatial distribution of tremor amplitudes. Although the tremor source locations were not well
constrained in depth, their epicenters were well located beneath the erupted crater and the summit. Tremor sources
were seen to descend approximately 2 km over a period of several minutes prior to the beginning of the eruption.
Detailed analysis of the time series of tremor amplitudes suggests that this descent is a robust feature. Our finding may
be an important constraint for modeling the 2014 eruption of Ontake volcano as well as for monitoring activities on
this and other volcanoes.
Keywords: Tremor location, Migration, Mechanism of phreatic eruption, Volcano monitoring, Ontake volcano
Background east of the craters. The amount of ash was not more than
Ontake volcano, in central Japan, is the nation’s second dozens of tonnes. On-site survey estimated that the
highest volcano with an elevation of 3067 m. According eruption occurred between 13 and 18 May. Preceding
to the Japan Meteorological Agency and the Volcano- the eruption, seismicity at Ontake had increased since
logical Society of Japan (2013), magmatic eruptions have late April and
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