Design-of-Shafts.doc.docVIP

III MECH – I SEM DESIGN OF SHAFTS M.S.Goutham DMM – I Asst.Prof. – Mech. Engg. Shaft is a rotating machine element used to transfer power from one point to the other. The resultant torque, as a result of supply of power to the shaft, helps in transmitting power. The transfer of power from one shaft to the other is done with the help of gears, pulleys etc. (mounted with the help of keys splines). Shafts can be solid / hollow. Can be round / square/ some other cross sections. The material used for normal shafts is Carbon Steel. For shafts of high strength, Nickel (or) Nickel – Chromium alloy can be used. Shafts are manufactured by Hot Rolling and the machining (or) Cold Rolling and the drawing. AXLE: Is a stationary shaft, subjected to Bending Moment. Acts just as a support. Ex: Car axle. Spindle: A short shaft which transmits power to a cutting tool. Ex: Lathe, Drilling Machines etc. A shaft is subjected to: Shear stress because of TORSIONAL LOAD Bending stress because of weight of the elements such as Gears, Pulleys etc, in addition to the self weight of the shaft. TYPES OF SHAFTS: Transmission shafts: Are the shafts which transmit power from one shaft to the other with the help of Pulleys, Drives and Gears etc. Machine shafts: Which form an integral part of a machine. Ex: pump shaft. DESIGN OF SHAFTS: Shafts are designed based on Strength Rigidity / Stiffness. DESIGN OF SHAFTS BASED ON STRENGTH IS AGAIN DONE ON Shafts subjected to TWISTING LOADS / TORQUE Shafts subjected to BENDING ONLY. Shafts subjected to TORQUE AND BENDING Shafts subjected to AXIAL LOADS IN ADDITION TO TORQUE AND BENDING DESIGN OF SHAFTS SUBJECTED TO TWISTING MOMENT / TORQUE ONLY: We have the general Torsion equation as T / J = ? / r - Eqn. 1.15 – Page 3 - DDHB Where T = Torsional moment / Twisting Moment / Torque - N-mm J = Polar Moment Inertia of cross sectional area about the axis of rotation - mm? ? = Torsional Shear stress of the shaft – MN / m