HeatTreatmentofMetalsIntroduction.pptVIP

Heat Treatment of Metals Introduction . Heat Treatment Heat Treatment process is a series of operations involving the heating and cooling of? metals in the solid state.? Its purpose is to change a mechanical property or combination of mechanical properties so that the metal will be more useful, serviceable, and safe for definite purpose. By heat treating, a metal can be made harder, stronger, and more resistant to impact, heat treatment can also make a metal softer and more ductile. No one heat-treating operation can produce all of these characteristics. In fact, some properties are often improved at the expense of others. In being hardened, for example, a metal may become brittle. The types of Heat Treatment:1. Softening. 2. Hardening. 1. Softening Done to reduce strength or hardness Remove residual stresses Improve toughness Restore ductility Refine grain size or change the electromagnetic properties of the steel. Restoring ductility or removing residual stresses is a necessary operation after a large amount of cold working have been performed, such as in a cold-rolling operation or wiredrawing. Annealing, normalizing and tempering are the some of principal ways by which metals are softened . 1.1. Annealing A technique used to recover cold work and relax stresses within a metal. Annealing typically results in a soft, ductile metal. Annealing involves recovery, recrystallization and grain growth. When an annealed part is allowed to cool in the furnace, it is called a full anneal heat treatment. When an annealed part is removed from the furnace and allowed to cool in air, it is called a normalizing heat treatment. 1.2. Normalizing It is a type of heat treatment applicable to ferrous metals only. It differs from annealing in that the metal is heated to a higher temperature and then removed from the furnace for air cooling. The purpose of normalizing is to remove the internal stresses induced by heat treating, welding, casting, forging