Lecture_3.ppt.pptVIP

Lecture 3 3. Boolean operations –fundamentals 3.1 Basic logic functions 3.2 Further logic operations 3.3 Establishing switching functions 3.4 Simplification of logic functions 3.5 Karnaugh-Veitch diagram  3.1 Basic logic functions As described in the previous, any computer and equally any PLC operates using the number system to the base 2. This also applies to the octal (2 powered by 3) and the hexadecimal systems (2 powered by 4). The individual variable can therefore assume only two values, ?0 or 1. Special algorithms have been introduced to be able to link these variables - the so-called boolean algebra. This can be clearly represented by means of electrical contacts. Basic logic functions – 2 Negation (NOT function) Situation Basic logic functions – 3 Negation (NOT function) Description of the function The push button shown represents normally closed contact (NCC). When this is unactuated, lamp H1 is illuminated, whereas in the actuated state, lamp H1 goes off. Push button S1 acts as signal input (I), the lamp H1 forms the output (O). The actual status can be recorded in a truth table. Basic logic functions – 4 Negation (NOT function) Block diagram (of the system) Push button S1 acts as signal input, the lamp H1 forms the output. Basic logic functions - 5  Negation (NOT function) Truth table Example Generally The boolean equation is therefore as follows: _ O = I (read: O equals Not I ) Basic logic functions – 6 Negation (NOT function) Logic symbol  Basic logic functions - 7  Negation (NOT function) If two negations are switched in succession, then these cancel one another Basic logic functions - 8  Conjunction (AND function) Situation See the overview ( snap No.67)  Basic logic functions - 9  Conjunction (AND function) Description of the function If two normally open contacts (NOC) S1 and S2 are switched in series, the actuated lamp H1 is illuminated only if both push buttons are actuated.