Majorpartsofalathe-SchoolRack.pptVIP

5. Cutting fluids Cutting fluids are very important to minimize or reduce the effects of friction and heat in machining operations. They affect the performance of the cutting tool and improve surface quality. 5. Cutting fluids The cutting fluid must provide lubrication and cooling for the cutting tool, the chip and the work piece. Generally soluble oils are used when cutting steels. Soluble oils are mineral oils that contain a soap-like material that makes them mix in water into a milky white solution. 6. Surface finish Surface finish is the degree of roughness of the machined surface. It depends on many factors such as, speed, feed, depth of cut, and the use of cutting fluids. The roughness symbol in the Fig. means that the roughness required for this surface must be 3.2 μm (3.2 micrometer i.e 0.0032 mm); this information will help you to select the correct cutting operation that you should use to have the correct value of roughness 7. Lathe Safety The following points should be considered during the lathe operation Do not attempt to operate a lathe until you know the proper procedures and have been checked out on its safe operation by your instructor. Never attempt to operate a lathe while your senses are impaired by medication. Dress appropriately; Remove any necklaces, other jewelry, wristwatch, or rings. Secure any loose-fitting clothing and roll up long sleeves. Wear an apron or a properly fitted shop coat, safety glasses are a must Clamp all work solidly. Use the correct size tool and work-holding device for the job. Get help when handling large sections of metal and heavy chucks and attachments. Remove sharp edges and burrs from the workpiece before dismounting it from the machine. Burrs and sharp edges can cause painful cuts. 7. Lathe Safety Be sure that all guards are in place before attempting to operate the machine. Never attempt to bypass a safety switch. Turn the face plate or chuck by hand to be sure there is no binding or danger of the work stri