lecture21.pptVIP

Male reprod success -so far, just female perspective -same parameters hold (average survival to each reprod age, age at first reprod, age schedule of reprod, survival of its offspring) -also affected by number of mates he obtains and their fecundity -reprod cost selects for delayed maturation and iteroparous reprod -competition for mates – energetically expensive -males lose 20-30% of body weight during a mating season alternative mating tactics -large males display/defend territories, smaller males sneak copulations -best of a bad situation vs alternative adaptation -coho salmon – hooknose males fight for females, jacks hide behind rocks and spawn sequential hermaphoditism -protandry -if larger females produce more eggs, but reprod success of males does not increase with size, favors protandry -eg amphiprion -monogamous, female fecundity increases with size, are protandrous -protogyny -if large size confers success in male competition for females, favors protogyny -eg wrasses -male with harem can fert more females so largest switches sex to male protandry protogeny Sequential hermaphroditism Sequential hermaphroditism protandry protogeny no change When mates are not monogamous, the life history strategy that is optimal for one sex may be suboptimal for the other Aging – late life decline in an individual’s fertility and probability of survival Why does aging persist? Rate of living theory - accumulation of irreparable damage to tissue Evolutionary theory - failure of organisms to completely repair damage Aging Rate of living theory - accumulation of irreparable damage to tissue Aging Aging telomerase Evolutionary theory - failure of organisms to completely repair damage -deleterious mutations -trade-offs between repair and reproduction Aging Lifetime reproductive success: 2.419 Aging Wildtype: first reproduction: 3, death: 16 Lifetime reproductive success: 2.340 Aging Mutation: first reproduction: 3, death: 14 Lifetime reproductive success: 2.663 Aging