TemporalReasoningPastandFutureYuvalShahar.pptVIP

Temporal Reasoning:Past, Present, and FuturePart I: Temporal Reasoning in Philosophy and LinguisticsYuval ShaharStanford Medical Informatics Time in Natural Language Understanding a Narrative List all, find at least one, or prove the impossibility of a legal scenario for the following statements: John had a headache after the treatment While receiving treatment, John read a paper before the headache, John experienced a visual aura One legitimate scenario (among many) is: “John read the paper from the very beginning of the treatment until some point before its end; after reading the paper, he experienced a visual aura that started during treatment and ended after it; then he had a headache.” Monitoring Determine if an oncology patient’s record indicates a second episode that has been lasting for more than 3 weeks, of Grade II bone-marrow toxicity (as derived from the results of several different types of blood tests), due to a specific chemotherapy drug. Planning and Execution If the patient develops sever anemia for more than 2 weeks, reduce the chemotherapy dose by 25% for the next 3 weeks and in parallel monitor the hemoglobin level every day. Display and Exploration of Time-Oriented Data Timing is Everything :Applications of Temporal Reasoning A Temporal-Reasoning Task:Temporal Abstraction Temporal Abstraction:A Bone-Marrow Transplantation Example Uses of Temporal AbstractionsIn Medical Domains Temporal Reasoning Versus Temporal Maintenance Temporal reasoning supports inference tasks involving time-oriented data; often connected with artificial-intelligence methods Temporal data maintenance deals with storage and retrieval of data that has multiple temporal dimensions; often connected with database systems Both require temporal data modeling Choices in Modeling Time What are the basic temporal primitives? Are they points, intervals, or events that create temporal references, such as BIRTH? Is time discrete or continuous? What is the meani