Thediagnosisbasisofmalocclusion.ppt

the line segment facial profile Richetts definited the aesthetic plane (E-Line): nose and chin over the tangent plane. ???????????? Normal adult white: the lower lip after the plane is located at 2 ± 2mm, is located in the lower lip after lip slightly.  Children: the lower lip is located in the plane, or slightly after the plane is located, because the development of chin and nose of some of the development of a more slow.  ? African-American and Chinese: is located in the lower lip aesthetic plane before the 1-3mm. Steiner used S line to evaluated the lip’s position: the lower and upper lip is located after this line. through the nose shape of the mid-point to do mental tangent is S line Merrifields Z lines, through the most mental process tangent of the upper lip, lower lip should be in line or slightly after this point. Adult white horizontal line and the angle is 80 ± 5 o ,11-15-year-old the Z angle is 78 ± 5 o. the limitations of X-cephalometry analysis confliction between X-ray measurement and clinical examination  When the SNA had to besmaller after the reduction, but not clinical performance. So S points to be considered. Variability of the reference plane, S - N plane, FH plane . After the introduction of the real vertical extracranial correction. Natural head position in patients with the photos of the X-ray film corrective.  X-ray film shooting would be good to have a benchmark mm to correct the magnification. Repetition, especially when the evaluation is even more important. Treatment Plan Treatment plan rely on the treatment goals , as much as possible set out detailed methods and steps. First of all, clear the scope of treatment Modification of Growth Orthodontic treatment Orthodontic-Surgery Treatment Plan Based on treatment goals and then to be considered for correction of deformity using the specific methods and steps to carry out the order in which they plan. At the same time, to be expected after the end of treatment to improve