Apr.30th-EnvironmentalJustice.pptVIP

Environmental Justice OUTLLINE I) Introduction Conceptualizing EJ; context: II) Landmarks in U.S. domestic history Development as Movement III) What forms can environmental injustice take? IV) Case study: Climate Change V) Conceptual difficulties –problem of what is the evidence on environmental (in)justice? VI) How can problems with environmental justice be corrected / prevented? Conclusion Introduction What is environmental justice? EPA: “no group of people, including racial, ethnic, or socioeconomic groups, should bear a disproportionate share of the negative environmental consequences resulting from industrial, municipal, and commercial operations; Or the execution of federal, state, local, and tribal programs and policies”. Landmarks in U.S. domestic History 1982 N.C. Warren County 1987 United Church of Christ Commission on Racial Justices report 1991 First National People of Color Environmental Leadership Summit, Washington DC. 1992 EPA created Office of Environmental Justice [exam all agency policies and programs] 1994 Clinton’s EJ Executive Order 12898—federal agencies take EJ into account. i.e. be EJ sensitive. 1998. EPA outline on federal government’s principle on E.J. Development of EJ Movement 1st wave: Wilderness conservation movement [destruction of ecosystem posed by economic expansion] ; late 1960s. 2nd wave: [2-3 on environmental justice and environmental racism] late 1970s collective identity as victims of polluting industry and as ordinary people] II) What forms can environmental injustice take? a) Exposure to risks polluting facilities (poorer regions, developing countries) Waste dumps Occupational hazards Crowding out of environmental space: global warming/climate change? b) Access to environmental resources Wilderness syndrome and unmitigated displacements [Conservation refugees – revisit Mark Dowie article] Commercialization of Forest Privatization of water c) Interaction of both exposure to risks and denial a