Chapter12MusculoskeletalInjuries(NXPowerLite)-Ronna.docVIP

CHAPTER 12 MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES Musculoskeletal injuries are frequently encountered in the field and the appropriate management of these injuries can prevent further painful injury and even prevent permanent disability or death. It is equally important for the medic to be able to accurately recognize and treat musculoskeletal injuries and this chapter will enable this to occur. Subsequently, these skills along with those taught in previous combat trauma management classes will enable you to be successful in the field environment and properly manage and treat these types of patients. ANATOMY REVIEW The Skeletal System - The human skeletal system consists of about 206 bones. The skeleton gives shape and support to the human body. Together with the skeletal muscles, it performs movement of the body. The skeleton, especially the skull and rib cage, provides protection to vital internal organs such as the brain, lungs, and heart. The red marrow in the center of bones produces red blood cells that carry oxygen and nutrients to all parts of the body. Joints - A joint (articulation) is formed when two bones make contact with each other. Some joints, such as the knee and shoulder, allow a good deal of movement. Other joints, such as the joints of the skull, allow little or no movement. The bones of movable joints do not actually touch each other. They are separated by fibrous tissue that prevents the bones from rubbing against each other. Ligaments, which are composed of very strong fibrous material, hold the ends of the two bones in place. Ball and Socket Joint- the distal bone is capable of motion around an indefinite number of axes, which have one common center. In a ball and socket (or spheroid) joint, the ball-shaped surface of one bone fits into the cuplike depression of another. The ball and socket joint is a movable joint that consists of one bone that is rounded and that fits within a cuplike bone. (Shoulder and Hip Joint). Hinge Joint –the artic