Chapter6DataTransmission.pptVIP

Data Communications and Networking Chapter 3 Data Transmission Reading: Book Chapter 3 Data and Computer Communications, 8th edition By William Stallings Outline Concepts and Terminology Analog and Digital Data Transmission Transmission Impairments Channel Capacity Part 1: Concepts and Terminology Digital Data Transmission What is the objective? Maximize the data rate: number of bits that the system can transmit in a unit of time within an acceptable bit error rate Why there could be bit errors? The signal received by the receiver is different from the signal sent from the sender Usually, if data rate becomes higher, it is more difficult for the receiver to recognize the signal higher data rate results in higher bit error rate In order to achieve high data rate with low bit error rate, we need to study the principle of data communications Terminology (1) Data transmission occurs between transmitter and receiver over some transmission medium. Signal: electromagnetic waves Can propagate along the transmission medium Transmission Medium Guided medium: the signals are guided along a physical path e.g., twisted pair, coaxial cable, optical fiber Unguided medium: wireless e.g., air, water, vacuum Terminology (2) Direct link Refer to the transmission path between the transmitter and receiver in which signals propagate directly with no intermediate devices, other than amplifiers or repeaters used to increase signal strength. Note that it can apply to both guided and unguided media A transmission medium is point-to-point if: Direct link Only 2 devices share the medium A transmission medium is multipoint if: More than two devices share the same medium Terminology (3) Simplex transmission Signals are transmitted in only one direction e.g. Television Half duplex Signals can be transmitted in either direction, but only one way at a time. e.g. police radio Full duplex Both stations may transmit simultaneously. e.g. telephone Signals: Time Domain We are concerned with electro