AppendixE-CardiovascularandCirculatorySystems.pptVIP

* Talking Points: If a valve requires replacement, there are two types available: mechanical or prosthetic valves made from alloys and plastics tissue valves from pig, cow, or human hearts Optional detail: Rheumatic fever can be a factor in causing the heart valves to fail, thereby requiring a valve replacement. * Talking Points: What population is at risk for developing endocarditis? IV drug abusers and people with damaged heart valves Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle itself. Pericarditis interferes with which activity of the heart? The ability of the heart to fully contract. Define cardiomyopathy. A weakening of the heart muscle so that it pumps ineffectively. Cor pulmonale is a failure of which ventricle to pump properly? The right ventricle. * Talking Points: Students should be able to make an association between the terms given in the slide if they know their definitions. What do the following terms have in common? Pericarditis causes an accumulation of fluid to amass between the heart and its outer lining. The fluid causes the heart to be compressed against the fluid-filled sac, causing tamponade. Incompetence, insufficiency, and regurgitate all describe a valve that does not completely close, allowing blood to flow or regurgitate from where it came from. * Talking Points: Arteries become narrowed by plaque deposits called atheromas. Use Figure 6.12 to illustrate a normal artery and one with plaque deposits. When plaque builds up inside an arterial wall, blood flow is reduced. Narrowing of the coronary arteries means reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. Angina pectoris is usually the first symptom of reduced oxygen supply and blood flow to the myocardium. What is a myocardial infarction? Death of heart tissue. What are the symptoms of cardiogenic shock? Weak, rapid pulse and decreased blood pressure in a patient who is pale, cold, sweaty, and anxious. Asystole (flat line) indicates the heart is in cardiac arrest (no activity). * Ta