英国的政治体制.pptVIP

Political System of U.K. Introduction Britain is a capitalist country, but it still keeps an old-fashioned government. Constitutional monarchy End of the 17th century Monarch hereditary The Monarch reigns but he or she does not rule the country. Takes no part in politics. Symbol and the representative of the interests of people Queen Elizabeth II, Feb, 6th, 1952. Charles Parliament House of Lords House of Commons House of Lords The Lord Chancellor总理: the president of the House of Lords The lord temporal (peers,世俗议员), the lord spiritual（神职议员）and the law lords(高级法官) small allowance The south part of the Palace of Westminster No power to prevent the passing of legislation approved by the House of Commons. Special judicial function The Supreme Court of Britain House of Commons The Speaker, the President of the Chamber 651 (1993) 659 (2001) Now: 646 constituencies选区 England:529, Wales:40,Scotland:59,Northern Ireland:18 allowance: ￡ 100,000-150,000 Northern part of the Palace of Westminster Make laws Procedure程序 of Making-laws A bill 法案will begin in the House of Commons, After the period of three readings in the House of Commons, the House of Lords does the same and finally it goes to the Queen for her signature. 3 readings: The 1st reading: introduce a bill The 2nd reading: the bill is read in detail, a vote is taken by the whole House, the bill is sent to a committee for a detailed examination The 3rd reading: short debate before the whole house Government Central government Local government The Prime Minister : the leader of the party that has won the majority of seats in the House of Commons. Not only controls the Cabinet but also controls Parliament. No. 10 Downing Street No. 10 Downing Street The Local Government Subordinate The powers of the Local government has been limited because parliament and the central government have a firm control over local authorities. The activities of the local government are controlled by the corresponding departments of the c